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Published:
Journal of Analytical Toxicology,
ISSN 0146-4760,
Volume 30, Issue 5, June 2006,
pp.319-322
TECHNICAL NOTE: Prevalence of Use Study for Amphetamine
(AMP), Methamphetamine (MAMP), 3,4-Methylenedioxy-amphetamine (MDA), 3,4-Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine
(MDMA), and 3,4-Methylenedioxy-ethylamphetamine (MDEA) in Military Entrance
Processing Stations (MEPS) Specimens
Kevin L. Klette, Aaron R. Kettle, and Matthew H.
Jamerson
Navy Drug Screening Laboratory, 320B B Street, Great Lakes, Illinois 60088-2815
The Roche Abuscreen® Online™ Amphetamine immunoassay
(IA), modified to include sodium periodate, and the Microgenics DRI® Ecstasy
IA were used to determine the prevalence of amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine
(MAMP), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
(MDMA), and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in urine specimens from
applicants seeking to join the United States Armed Forces. Over a 4-month period,
a total of 85,658 specimens were IA screened using the Department of Defense
500 ng/mL administrative cutoff level for AMP and MDMA. All presumptively positive
specimens were confirmed using a solid-phase extraction procedure coupled with
simultaneous analysis of AMP, MAMP, MDA, MDMA, and MDEA by fast gas chromatography–mass
spectrometry using the same cutoff levels as the IA. The Roche Online Amphetamine
IA identified 216 specimens as presumptively positive; of these, 70 specimens
confirmed positive for AMP and 87 specimens confirmed positive for AMP and/or
MAMP, resulting in a confirmation rate of 73%. The Microgenics DRI Ecstasy IA
identified eight specimens as presumptively positive; of these, five specimens
confirmed positive for MDMA and/or MDA, resulting in a confirmation rate of
63%. The total use prevalence for AMP, MAMP, MDA, MDMA, and/or MDEA in military
entrance processing stations specimens over the testing period was determined
to be 0.19%.
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