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Published:
Journal of Analytical Toxicology,
ISSN 0146-4760,
Volume 27, Number 7, October 2003,
pp. 429-439
An Evaluation of Rapid Point-of-Collection Oral Fluid
Drug-Testing Devices
J. Michael Walsh1,*, Ron Flegel1, Dennis J. Crouch2, Leo Cangianelli1,
and Jakub Baudys2
1The Walsh Group P.A., 6701 Democracy Blvd. Suite 300, Bethesda, Maryland 20817
and 2Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, 20 South 2030 East, Salt
Lake City, Utah 84112
New technology is currently being marketed to rapidly test oral
fluids for drugs of abuse at the point of collection (POC). There are no nationally
accepted standards or cutoff concentrations for detecting drugs in oral fluids
and for most analytes there are significant differences in cutoff concentrations
across devices. Four devices were evaluated (OralLab®, RapiScan, Drugwipe,
and SalivaScreen®) for their ability to meet manufacturers claims, and
proposed federal standards for criminal justice and workplace programs. Human
oral fluid fortified with known quantities of drug [drug(s) or metabolite(s)]
was used to test these devices. Overall, the performance of these rapid POC
oral fluid drug-testing devices was quite variable. Some devices performed
well for the analysis of some drug classes but poorly for others. In general,
most devices performed well for the detection of methamphetamine and opiates,
but all performed poorly for the detection of cannabinoids. The ability to
accurately and reliably detect cocaine and amphetamine was dependent on the
individual device.
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