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Published:
Journal of Analytical Toxicology,
ISSN 0146-4760,
Volume 26, Number 3, April,
pp. 171-175
Technical Note: The Simultaneous Determination of Codeine,
Morphine, Hydrocodone, Hydromorphone, 6-Acetylmorphine, and Oxycodone in Hair
and Oral Fluid
Joseph Jones, Kimberly Tomlinson, and Christine
Moore
U.S. Drug Testing Laboratories, 1700 S. Mount Prospect Road, Des Plaines, Illinois
60018
Recently, the abuse of prescription
opiates as alternatives to heroin has become a national concern. The determination
of a six-drug opiate panel, codeine, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, hydrocodone,
hydromorphone, and oxycodone, in hair and oral fluid using solid-phase extraction
and capillary gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is described.
Oral fluid was obtained from the donor by insertion of absorptive collectors
into the mouth. Hair was collected from the patient and powdered using stainless
steel ball bearings in a mini bead-beater apparatus. Opiates present in the
samples were extracted from a buffered, aqueous matrix using a solid-phase cartridge.
The extracts were concentrated and the methoxime/BSTFA derivatives prepared
in order to eliminate interference from the keto-opiates. The extracts were
separated by GC–MS in electron impact mode. By utilizing methoxyamine,
we were able to produce the methoxime derivatives required for single derivative
production and chromatographically separate all six opiates. The routine analysis
of these opiates in hair and oral fluid using GC–MS is described for the
first time. Reproduction
of editorial content of this journal is prohibited without publisher’s
permission.
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