Published: Journal of Analytical Toxicology, Volume 20, Number 2, March/April 1996, pp. 124-130.
Hair Analysis for Drugs of Abuse XII. Determination
of PCP and Its Major Metabolites, PCHP and PPC, in Rat Hair after Administration
of PCP
Tomoaki Sakamoto, Akira Tanaka, and Yuji Nakahara
We developed an analytical method for the simultaneous detection
of phencyclidine (PCP) and its metabolites, 4-phenyl-4-piperidino-cyclohexanol
(PPC) and 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-4-hydroxy- piperidine (PCHP), in rat hair.
Three pigmented, hairy rats were intraperitoneally administered PCP hydrochloride
(HCl) at 0.05–0.5 mg/kg once a day for 10 successive days. Animal hair
was shaved just before the first administration, and the newly grown hair was
collected 4 weeks after the first administration. After the rat hair sample
was washed three times with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfonate and water, separately,
and dried in a desiccator, 20 mg of finely cut hair was extracted with 2 mL
methanol–5N HCl (20:1) under ultrasonication for 1 h, followed by storage
at room temperature for 14 h. Following filtration and evaporation of the extract,
it was purified with Bond Elut Certify® in the usual manner, and the extract
was derivatized with N,O- bis(trimethylsilyl) acetamide for gas chromatographic–mass
spectrometric analysis using deuterated PCP, PPC, and PCHP as internal standards.
The selected ions were monitored at m/z 186, 200, and 242 for PCP, m/z 172,
288, and 331 for trimethylsilyl (TMS) PCHP, and m/z 200, 254, and 331 for TMS
PPC. PCP, PCHP, and PPC were simultaneously detected in the rat hair down to
0.1 mg/kg PCP HCl. Even at the dose of 0.05 mg/kg, PCP was clearly detected
in the rat hair. Based on the area under the concentration versus time curve
(AUC) in plasma (1460 ng•min/mL), the PCP concentration (3.34 ng/mg) in
the rat hair was quite high. The incorporation rates into hair (concentration
in hair/AUC) of PCP, PCHP, and trans-PPC were 2.29, 1.65, and 0.50, respectively,
at 0.5 mg/kg. Our results suggest that hair could be a useful specimen for confirmation
of active past PCP use because PCP and its metabolites can be detected simultaneously.
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